In the context of X-ray tubes, what does the term "anode" refer to?

In the context of X-ray tubes, the term "anode" refers to a positive electrode. The anode is crucial to the functioning of an X-ray tube as it serves as the target for electrons emitted from the cathode (the negative electrode). When electrons accelerate toward the anode, they collide with it and produce X-rays through a process called Bremsstrahlung or characteristic radiation, depending on the energy of the incident electrons.

The anode typically consists of materials that have high atomic numbers, such as tungsten, to maximize X-ray production and improve efficiency. Its positive charge attracts the negatively charged electrons from the cathode, facilitating the essential interaction that generates X-rays. Understanding the role of the anode is fundamental for anyone working with X-ray technology, as it directly impacts the quality and quantity of X-rays produced.