What method is used to accelerate electrons in a betatron?

The method used to accelerate electrons in a betatron is a magnetic field. In a betatron, electrons are first injected into a circular path where they are subjected to a changing magnetic field. This changing magnetic field induces an electric field that causes the electrons to gain kinetic energy as they spiral outward. The nature of this method allows for efficient acceleration of electrons, making the betatron a unique and effective device for producing high-energy electrons suitable for radiography and other applications.

The reliance on electromagnetic principles is fundamental to the operation of the betatron, distinguishing it from other devices that might use electrostatic fields or variations in voltage and amperage to accelerate particles. Understanding the betatron's mechanism highlights the critical role of magnetism in particle acceleration processes.